Canadian Medical Guide > Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment > Diagnosis > Laboratory Techniques and Procedures > Immunologic Tests Terms and Definitions

Immunologic Tests

Medical Definition:	Diagnostic techniques involving the demonstration or measurement of an immune response, including antibody production or assay, antigen-antibody reactions, serologic cross-reactivity, delayed hypersensitivity reactions, or heterogenetic responses.
Guide Notes:	GEN: prefer specifics; NIM; do not confuse with IMMUNOLOGIC TECHNIQUES: see note there; do not use /util except by MeSH definition
Also Called:	Immunodiagnosis
Previously Indexed:	Immunologic Techniques (1973-1986),Serodiagnosis (1966-1986),specific technique or test (1973-1986)

Immunologic Tests Categories.

	Basophil Degranulation Test - An in vitro test used in the diagnosis of allergies including drug hypersensitivity. The allergen is added to the patient's white blood cells and the subsequent histamine release is measured.
	Cell Migration Inhibition - Phenomenon of cell-mediated immunity measured by in vitro inhibition of the migration or phagocytosis of antigen-stimulated leukocytes or macrophages. Specific assays have been developed to estimate levels of migration inhibitory factor, immune reactivity against tumor-associated antigens, and immunosuppressive effects of infectious microorganisms.
	Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic - The demonstration of the cytotoxic effect on a target cell of a lymphocyte, a mediator released by a sensitized lymphocyte, an antibody, or complement.
	Fluorescent Antibody Technique - Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.
	Hemolytic Plaque Technique
	Histocompatibility Testing - Identification of the major histocompatibility antigens of transplant donors and potential recipients, usually by serological tests. Donor and recipient pairs should be of identical ABO blood group, and in addition should be matched as closely as possible for histocompatibility antigens in order to minimize the likelihood of allograft rejection. (King, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
	Immune Adherence Reaction - A method for the detection of very small quantities of antibody in which the antigen-antibody-complement complex adheres to indicator cells, usually primate erythrocytes or nonprimate blood platelets. The reaction is dependent on the number of bound C3 molecules on the C3b receptor sites of the indicator cell.
	Immunoassay - Immunochemical assay or detection of a substance by serologic or immunologic methods. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.
	Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test - Test for cell-mediated antitumor immunity and related serum blocking factors based on the finding that leukocytes from cancer patients, but not from controls, when mixed in vitro with antigenic extracts of tumors of the same histological type, undergo a diminution in their normal adherence to glass surfaces. Sera from tumor-bearing patients block the LAI reaction of their own leukocytes or those of other patients with the same type of tumor.
	Serologic Tests - Diagnostic procedures involving immunoglobulin reactions.

Immunologic Tests Medical Definitions and Terms

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