Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Pharmaceutical Preparations Terms and Definitions




Pharmaceutical Preparations

Medical Definition: Drugs intended for human or veterinary use, presented in their finished dosage form. Included here are materials used in the preparation and/or formulation of the finished dosage form.
Guide Notes: GEN & unspecified only; /adv eff permitted but consider DRUG THERAPY /adv eff; drug names: use NOMENCLATURE; policy: Manual section 25; metab detoxication of drugs = METABOLIC DETOXICATION, DRUG;
Pharmaceutical Preparations Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Designer Drugs - Drugs designed and synthesized, often for illegal street use, by modification of existing drug structures (e.g., amphetamines). Of special interest are MPTP (a reverse ester of meperidine), MDA (3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine), and MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine). Many drugs act on the aminergic system, the physiologically active biogenic amines.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Dosage Forms - Completed forms of the pharmaceutical preparation in which prescribed doses of medication are included. They are designed to resist action by gastric fluids, prevent vomiting and nausea, reduce or alleviate the undesirable taste and smells associated with oral administration, achieve a high concentration of drug at target site, or produce a delayed or long-acting drug effect. They include CAPSULES; LINIMENTS; OINTMENTS; PHARMACEUTICAL SOLUTIONS; POWDERS; TABLETS; etc.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Drug Combinations - Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture. It is differentiated from DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION in which two or more drugs are administered separately for a combined effect.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Drugs, Essential - Drugs considered essential to meet the health needs of a population as well as to control drug costs. (World Health Organization Action Programme on Essential Drugs, 1994, p3)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Drugs, Generic - Drugs whose drug name is not protected by a trademark. They may be manufactured by several companies.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Drugs, Investigational - Drugs which have received FDA approval for human testing but have yet to be approved for commercial marketing. This includes drugs used for treatment while they still are undergoing clinical trials (Treatment IND). The main heading includes drugs under investigation in foreign countries.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Drugs, Non-Prescription - Drugs that can be sold legally without a prescription.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Materia Medica - Materials or substances used in the composition of traditional medical remedies. The use of this term in MeSH was formerly restricted to historical articles or those concerned with traditional medicine, but it can also refer to homeopathic remedies. Nosodes are specific types of homeopathic remedies prepared from causal agents or disease products.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Nostrums - Medicines whose effectiveness is unproven and whose ingredients are often secret.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Pharmaceutic Aids - Substances which are of little or no therapeutic value, but are necessary in the manufacture, compounding, storage, etc., of pharmaceutical preparations or drug dosage forms. They include SOLVENTS, diluting agents, and suspending agents, and emulsifying agents. Also, ANTIOXIDANTS; PRESERVATIVES, PHARMACEUTICAL; DYES (coloring agents); FLAVORING AGENTS; VEHICLES; EXCIPIENTS; OINTMENT BASES.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Placebos - Any dummy medication or treatment. Although placebos originally were medicinal preparations having no specific pharmacological activity against a targeted condition, the concept has been extended to include treatments or procedures, especially those administered to control groups in clinical trials in order to provide baseline measurements for the experimental protocol.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Prodrugs - A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Solutions - The homogeneous mixtures formed by the mixing of a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance (solute) with a liquid (the solvent), from which the dissolved substances can be recovered by physical processes. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Street Drugs - Drugs obtained and often manufactured illegally for the subjective effects they are said to produce. They are often distributed in urban areas, but are also available in suburban and rural areas, and tend to be grossly impure and may cause unexpected toxicity.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Veterinary Drugs - Drugs used by veterinarians in the treatment of animal diseases. The veterinarian's pharmacological armamentarium is the counterpart of drugs treating human diseases, with dosage and administration adjusted to the size, weight, disease, and idiosyncrasies of the species. In the United States most drugs are subject to federal regulations with special reference to the safety of drugs and residues in edible animal products.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Xenobiotics - Chemical substances that are foreign to the biological system. They include naturally occurring compounds, drugs, environmental agents, carcinogens, insecticides, etc.

Pharmaceutical Preparations Medical Definitions and Terms

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