Canadian Medical Guide > Diseases > Virus Diseases > Arbovirus Infections Terms and Definitions

Arbovirus Infections

Medical Definition:	Infections caused by arthropod-borne viruses, general or unspecified.
Guide Notes:	GEN; consider also 2 major groups, BUNYAVIRUS INFECTIONS & TOGAVIRUS INFECTIONS or specifics

Arbovirus Infections Categories.

	African Horse Sickness - An insect-borne reovirus infection of horses, mules and donkeys in Africa and the Middle East; characterized by pulmonary edema, cardiac involvement, and edema of the head and neck.
	Bluetongue - A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep, characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.
	Dengue - An acute infectious, eruptive, febrile disease caused by four antigenically related but distinct serotypes of the DENGUE VIRUS. It is transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, especially A. aegypti. Classical dengue (dengue fever) is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER is a more virulent form of dengue virus infection and a separate clinical entity. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
	Encephalitis, Arbovirus - Infections of the brain caused by arthopod-borne viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the families TOGAVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; BUNYAVIRIDAE; REOVIRIDAE; and RHABDOVIRIDAE. Life cycles of these viruses are characterized by ZOONOSES, with birds and lower mammals serving as intermediate hosts. The virus is transmitted to humans by the bite of mosquitoes (CULICIDAE) or TICKS. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, alterations of mentation, focal neurologic deficits, and COMA. (From Clin Microbiol Rev 1994 Jan;7(1):89-116; Walton, Brain's Diseases of the Nervous System, 10th ed, p321)
	Encephalomyelitis, Equine - A group of ALPHAVIRUS INFECTIONS which affect horses and man, transmitted via the bites of mosquitoes. Disorders in this category are endemic to regions of South America and North America. In humans, clinical manifestations vary with the type of infection, and range from a mild influenza-like syndrome to a fulminant encephalitis. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp8-10)
	Phlebotomus Fever - Influenza-like febrile viral disease caused by several members of the BUNYAVIRIDAE family and transmitted mostly by the bloodsucking sandfly Phlebotomus papatasii.
	Rift Valley Fever - A febrile disease resembling dengue. It is caused by a mosquito-borne arbovirus.
	Yellow Fever - An acute infectious disease primarily of the tropics, caused by a virus and transmitted to man by mosquitoes of the genera Aedes and Haemagogus.

Arbovirus Infections Medical Definitions and Terms

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