Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Heterocyclic Compounds > Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring > Pyridines > Pyridinium Compounds Terms and Definitions




Pyridinium Compounds

Medical Definition:
Guide Notes: DF: PYRIDINIUM CPDS
Previously Indexed: Ammonium Compounds (1966-1967),Pyridines (1966-1967)
Pyridinium Compounds Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium - An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Cetylpyridinium - Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Desmosine - 4-(4-Amino-4-carboxybutyl)-1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-3,5-bis(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)pyridinium. A rare amino acid found in elastin, formed by condensation of four molecules of lysine into a pyridinium ring.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Diquat - A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Isodesmosine - 2-(4-Amino-4-carboxybutyl)-1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-3,5-bis(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)pyridinium. A rare amino acid found in elastin, formed by condensation of four molecules of lysine into a pyridinium ring.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Paraquat - A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Pyridostigmine Bromide - A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Pyrithiamine - A thiamine antagonist due to its inhibition of thiamine pyrophosphorylation. It is used to produce thiamine deficiency.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Viologens - A group of dipyridinium chloride derivatives that are used as oxidation-reduction indicators. The general formula is 1,1'-di-R-4,4'-bipyridinium chloride, where R = methyl, ethyl, benzyl or, betaine.

Pyridinium Compounds Medical Definitions and Terms

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