Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Heterocyclic Compounds > Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring > Pyridines > Pyridinium Compounds Terms and Definitions
Pyridinium Compounds
Medical Definition: | |
Guide Notes: | DF: PYRIDINIUM CPDS |
Previously Indexed: | Ammonium Compounds (1966-1967),Pyridines (1966-1967) |
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium - An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide. | |
Cetylpyridinium - Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges. | |
Desmosine - 4-(4-Amino-4-carboxybutyl)-1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-3,5-bis(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)pyridinium. A rare amino acid found in elastin, formed by condensation of four molecules of lysine into a pyridinium ring. | |
Diquat - A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | |
Isodesmosine - 2-(4-Amino-4-carboxybutyl)-1-(5-amino-5-carboxypentyl)-3,5-bis(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)pyridinium. A rare amino acid found in elastin, formed by condensation of four molecules of lysine into a pyridinium ring. | |
Paraquat - A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds. | |
Pyridostigmine Bromide - A cholinesterase inhibitor with a slightly longer duration of action than NEOSTIGMINE. It is used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the actions of muscle relaxants. | |
Pyrithiamine - A thiamine antagonist due to its inhibition of thiamine pyrophosphorylation. It is used to produce thiamine deficiency. | |
Viologens - A group of dipyridinium chloride derivatives that are used as oxidation-reduction indicators. The general formula is 1,1'-di-R-4,4'-bipyridinium chloride, where R = methyl, ethyl, benzyl or, betaine. |
Pyridinium Compounds Medical Definitions and Terms
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