Canadian Medical Guide > Anatomy > Nervous System > Neurons Terms and Definitions




Neurons

Medical Definition: The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Guide Notes: do not use as a substitute or synonym for BRAIN /cytol
Neurons Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Dendrites - Extensions of the nerve cell body. They are short and branched and receive stimuli from other NEURONS.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Growth Cones - Bulbous enlargement of the growing tip of nerve axons and dendrites. They are crucial to neuronal development because of their pathfinding ability and their role in synaptogenesis.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Interneurons - Most generally any neurons which are not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Lewy Bodies - Intracytoplasmic, eosinophilic, round to elongated inclusions found in vacuoles of injured or fragmented neurons. The presence of Lewy bodies is the histological marker of the degenerative changes in LEWY BODY DISEASE and PARKINSON DISEASE but they may be seen in other neurological conditions. They are typically found in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but they are also seen in the basal forebrain, hypothalamic nuclei, and neocortex.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Nerve Fibers - Slender processes of NEURONS, including the AXONS and their glial envelopes (MYELIN SHEATH). Nerve fibers conduct nerve impulses to and from the central nervous system.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Neurofibrils - The delicate interlacing threads, formed by aggregations of neurofilaments and neurotubules, coursing through the cytoplasm of the body of a neuron and extending from one dendrite into another or into the axon.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Neurons, Afferent - Neurons which convey sensory information centrally from the periphery.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Neurons, Efferent - Neurons which send impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Nissl Bodies - Subcellular structures found in nerve cell bodies and DENDRITES. They consist of granular endoplasmic reticulum (ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, ROUGH) and RIBOSOMES.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Nitrergic Neurons - Nerve cells where transmission is mediated by NITRIC OXIDE.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Senile Plaques - Spherical masses consisting of amyloid fibrils and neuronal processes.

Neurons Medical Definitions and Terms

CANADIAN MEDICAL GUIDE

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