Canadian Medical Guide > Diseases > Musculoskeletal Diseases > Joint Diseases Terms and Definitions

Joint Diseases

Medical Definition:
Guide Notes:	GEN; prefer specifics; inflamm dis = ARTHRITIS

Joint Diseases Categories.

	Ankylosis - Fixation and immobility of a joint.
	Arthralgia - Pain in the joint.
	Arthritis
	Arthrogryposis - Persistent flexure or contracture of a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Arthropathy, Neurogenic - Chronic progressive degeneration of the stress-bearing portion of a joint, with bizarre hypertrophic changes at the periphery. It is probably a complication of a variety of neurologic disorders, particularly TABES DORSALIS, involving loss of sensation, which leads to relaxation of supporting structures and chronic instability of the joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Bursitis - Inflammation of a bursa, occasionally accompanied by a calcific deposit in the underlying supraspinatus tendon. The most common site is the subdeltoid bursa. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Chondromatosis, Synovial - Rare, benign, chronic, progressive metaplasia in which cartilage is formed in the synovial membranes of joints, tendon sheaths, or bursae. Some of the metaplastic foci can become detached producing loose bodies. When the loose bodies undergo secondary calcification, the condition is called synovial osteochondromatosis.
	Contracture
	Hemarthrosis - Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia.
	Hip Dislocation, Congenital - Congenital dislocation of the hip generally includes subluxation of the femoral head, acetabular dysplasia, and complete dislocation of the femoral head from the true acetabulum. This condition occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 live births and is more common in females than in males.
	Hydrarthrosis - Accumulation of watery fluid in the cavity of a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Joint Deformities, Acquired - Deformities acquired after birth as the result of injury or disease. The joint deformity is often associated with rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy.
	Joint Instability - Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles.
	Joint Loose Bodies - Fibrous, bony, cartilaginous and osteocartilaginous fragments in a synovial joint. Major causes are osteochondritis dissecans, synovial chondromatosis, osteophytes, fractured articular surfaces and damaged menisci.
	Shoulder Impingement Syndrome - Compression of the rotator cuff tendons and subacromial bursa between the humeral head and structures that make up the coracoacromial arch and the humeral tuberosities. This condition is associated with subacromial bursitis and rotator cuff (largely supraspinatus) and bicipital tendon inflammation, with or without degenerative changes in the tendon. Pain that is most severe when the arm is abducted in an arc between 40 and 120 degrees, sometimes associated with tears in the rotator cuff, is the chief symptom. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes and Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)
	Synovitis - Inflammation of a synovial membrane. It is usually painful, particularly on motion, and is characterized by a fluctuating swelling due to effusion within a synovial sac. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Joint Diseases Medical Definitions and Terms

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