Canadian Medical Guide > Diseases > Cardiovascular Diseases > Heart Diseases > Myocardial Diseases Terms and Definitions

Myocardial Diseases

Medical Definition:	Diseases of the myocardium.
Guide Notes:	GEN; prefer specifics; for infections of the myocardium, coord here (IM) with infection term (IM), not with HEART DISEASES
Also Called:	Cardiomyopathies,Myocardial Diseases, Primary,Secondary Myocardial Diseases

Myocardial Diseases Categories.

	Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic - Cardiomyopathy resulting from: (1) a toxic effect of alcohol on the myocardium; (2) thiamine deficiency due to malnutrition in alcoholics; or (3) a toxic effect of cobalt additives in beer in heavy beer drinkers. This disease is usually manifested by dyspnea and palpitations with cardiomegaly and congestive heart failure.
	Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive - Myocardial disease in which the ventricular walls are excessively rigid, impeding ventricular filling; it is marked by abnormal diastolic function but by normal or nearly normal systolic function.
	Endocardial Fibroelastosis - A condition characterized by hypertrophy of the wall of the left ventricle and conversion of the endocardium into a thick fibroelastic coat, with the capacity of the ventricle sometimes reduced, but often increased. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Endomyocardial Fibrosis - A disease characterized by thickening of the endocardium, and frequently the inner third of the myocardium. The left ventricle is most frequently involved. Cardiomegaly and congestive heart failure may also be present.
	Myocardial Reperfusion Injury - Functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic heart muscle thought to result from REPERFUSION to the ischemic areas. Changes can be fatal to muscle cells and may include edema with explosive cell swelling and disintegration, sarcolemma disruption, fragmentation of mitochondria, contraction band necrosis, enzyme washout, and calcium overload. Other damage may include hemorrhage and ventricular arrhythmias. One possible mechanism of damage is thought to be oxygen free radicals. Treatment currently includes the introduction of scavengers of oxygen free radicals, and injury is thought to be prevented by warm blood cardioplegic infusion prior to reperfusion.
	Myocarditis - Inflammation of the muscular walls of the heart. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Myocardial Diseases Medical Definitions and Terms

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