Canadian Medical Guide > Diseases > Digestive System Diseases > Liver Diseases Terms and Definitions




Liver Diseases

Medical Definition:
Guide Notes: GEN: prefer specifics; inflamm dis = HEPATITIS & its specifics; /chem ind permitted but consider also HEPATITIS, TOXIC; specialty is HEPATOLOGY see GASTROENTEROLOGY; be careful: do not confuse "hepatic dis" with "intrahepatic dis": "intrahepatic dis" may
Also Called: Acute Yellow Atrophy,Liver Dysfunction
Liver Diseases Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Fatty Liver - Yellow discoloration of the liver due to fatty degeneration of liver parenchymal cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Focal Nodular Hyperplasia - Benign, usually asymptomatic nodule of the liver, occurring chiefly in women. It is a firm, highly vascular mass resembling cirrhosis, usually with a stellate fibrous core containing numerous small bile ducts, and having vessels lined by Kupffer cells. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hepatic Vein Thrombosis - Occlusion of the hepatic veins caused by thrombi or fibrous obliteration of the veins.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease - Blockage of the small- or medium-sized hepatic veins due to nonthrombotic subendothelial edema which may progress to fibrosis.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hepatitis - Inflammation of the liver and liver disease involving degenerative or necrotic alterations of hepatocytes.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hepatolenticular Degeneration - A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other organs. Clinical features include LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER FAILURE; SPLENOMEGALY; TREMOR; bradykinesia; DYSARTHRIA; CHOREA; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; Kayser-Fleischer rings (pigmented corneal lesions); ATAXIA; and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed pp969-71)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - A syndrome consisting of the triad of liver dysfunction, pulmonary vascular dilatation, and abnormal arterial oxygenation in the absence of detectable intrinsic disease of the lung and heart.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hepatorenal Syndrome - Renal failure in those with liver disease, usually liver cirrhosis or obstructive jaundice. Historically called Heyd disease, urohepatic syndrome, or bile nephrosis.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hypertension, Portal - Abnormally increased pressure in the portal venous system; frequently seen in cirrhosis of the liver and in other conditions which cause obstruction of the portal vein.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Liver Cirrhosis - Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Liver Diseases, Alcoholic - Liver diseases associated with alcoholism. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic liver cirrhosis, but may be the general entity when subentities are not specified.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Liver Failure - Severe inability of the liver to function normally, as evidenced by severe jaundice and abnormal levels of ammonia, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, and reversal of the albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Peliosis Hepatis - A condition in which microscopic pools of blood are present throughout the liver parenchyma, which may lead to congestion and necrosis.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Porphyria, Erythrohepatic - A form of porphyria characterized by a wide range of photocutaneous changes, liver disease, and an excess of protoporphyrin.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Porphyria, Hepatic - Porphyria in which the liver is the site where excess formation of porphyrin or its precursors is found. PORPHYRIA, ACUTE INTERMITTENT and PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA are types of hepatic porphyria.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Zellweger Syndrome - An autosomal recessive peroxisomal disorder that typically presents in the neonatal period and is usually fatal. Clinical features include hypotonia, dysmorphic skull and facial bones, visual compromise, multifocal seizures, hepatomegaly, biliary dysgenesis, and swallowing difficulties. Pathologically, there are migration deficits of the neocortex and degeneration of white matter tracts. Zellweger-like syndrome refers to conditions that phenotypically resemble neonatal Zellweger syndrome, but occur in childhood or adulthood (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p946)

Liver Diseases Medical Definitions and Terms

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