Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins > Proteins > Carrier Proteins > Membrane Transport Proteins Terms and Definitions




Membrane Transport Proteins

Medical Definition: Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of molecules across a biological membrane. Included in this broad category are proteins involved in active transport (BIOLIOGICAL TRANSPORT, ACTIVE), facilitated transport and ION CHANNELS.
Also Called: Biological Pumps,Permeases
Previously Indexed: Biological Transport (1966-2001),Ion Pumps (1992-2001),Permeases (1968-2001)
Membrane Transport Proteins Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acid Transport Systems - Cellular proteins and protein complexes that transport amino acids across biological membranes.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters - A family of MEMBRANE TRANSPORT PROTEINS that require ATP hydrolysis for the transport of substrates across membranes. The protein family derives its name from the ATP-binding domain found on the protein.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Ion Channels - Gated, ion-selective glycoproteins that traverse membranes. The stimulus for channel gating can be a membrane potential, drug, transmitter, cytoplasmic messenger, or a mechanical deformation. Ion channels which are integral parts of ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors are not included.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Ion Pumps - A general class of integral membrane proteins that transport ions across a membrane against an electrochemical gradient.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Monosaccharide Transport Proteins - Membrane transport proteins which bind glucose and sodium ions and enter the cell together. The sodium ions are then pumped out of the cell by a sodium potassium ATPase. The rate and extent of the sugar transport depends on the sodium ion concentration. Inhibitors of the monosaccharide transport system are phlorizin, cytochalasin B, and inhibitors of the sodium potassium ATPase system. Insulin increases the rate of monosaccharide transport across the membrane into the cell.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Nucleobase, Nucleoside, Nucleotide, and Nucleic Acid Transport Proteins - A broad class of proteins involved in the transport of nucleobases, NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES and NUCLEIC ACIDS across membranes.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins - Proteins involved in the process of transporting molecules in and out the cell nucleus. Included here are: NUCLEOPORINS, which are membrane proteins that form the NUCLEAR PORE COMPLEX; KARYOPHERINS, which carry molecules through the nuclear pore complex; and proteins that play a direct role in the transport of karyopherin complexes through the nuclear pore complex.

Membrane Transport Proteins Medical Definitions and Terms

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