Canadian Medical Guide > Diseases > Stomatognathic Diseases > Mouth Diseases Terms and Definitions




Mouth Diseases

Medical Definition:
Guide Notes: GEN only: prefer specifics; inflamm dis = STOMATITIS; mucositis: index under STOMATITIS (IM) + MOUTH MUCOSA (NIM)
Mouth Diseases Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Behcet Syndrome - Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS, THROMBOPHLEBITIS, gastrointestinal ulcerations, RETINAL VASCULITIS, and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Burning Mouth Syndrome - A group of painful oral symptoms associated with a burning or similar sensation. There is usually a significant organic component with a degree of functional overlay; it is not limited to the psychophysiologic group of disorders.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Dry Socket - A condition sometimes occurring after tooth extraction, particularly after traumatic extraction, resulting in a dry appearance of the exposed bone in the socket, due to disintegration or loss of the blood clot. It is basically a focal osteomyelitis without suppuration and is accompanied by severe pain (alveolalgia) and foul odor. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Facial Hemiatrophy - A syndrome characterized by slowly progressive unilateral atrophy of facial subcutaneous fat, muscle tissue, skin, cartilage, and bone. The condition typically progresses over a period of 2-10 years and then stabilizes.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Facial Neuralgia - Neuralgic syndromes and other conditions which feature chronic or recurrent FACIAL PAIN as the primary manifestation of disease. Disorders of the trigeminal and facial nerves are frequently associated with these conditions.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Facial Paralysis - Severe or complete loss of facial muscle motor function. This condition may result from central or peripheral lesions. Damage to CNS motor pathways from the cerebral cortex to the facial nuclei in the pons leads to facial weakness that generally spares the forehead muscles. FACIAL NERVE DISEASES generally results in generalized hemifacial weakness. NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION DISEASES and MUSCULAR DISEASES may also cause facial paralysis or paresis.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia - Hyperplasia of the mucous membrane of the lips, tongue, and less commonly, the buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth, and palate, presenting soft, painless, round to oval sessile papules about 1 to 4 mm in diameter. The condition usually occurs in children and young adults and has familial predilection, lasting for several months, sometimes years, before running its course. A viral etiology is suspected, the isolated organism being usually the human papillomavirus. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry; Belshe, Textbook of Human Virology, 2d ed, p954)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hemifacial Spasm - Recurrent clonic contraction of facial muscles, restricted to one side. It may occur as a manifestation of compressive lesions involving the seventh cranial nerve (FACIAL NERVE DISEASES), during recovery from BELL PALSY, or in association with other disorders. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1378)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Leukoedema, Oral - A disorder of the buccal mucosa resembling early leukoplakia, characterized by the presence of filmy opalescence of the mucosa in the early stages to a whitish gray cast with a coarsely wrinkled surface in the later stages, associated with intracellular edema of the spinous or malpighian layer. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Lichen Planus, Oral - Oral lesions accompanying cutaneous lichen planus or often occurring alone. The buccal mucosa, lips, gingivae, floor of the mouth, and palate are usually affected (in a descending order of frequency). Typically, oral lesions consist of radiating white or gray, velvety, threadlike lines, arranged in a reticular pattern, at the intersection of which there may be minute, white, elevated dots or streaks (Wickham's striae). (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Lip Diseases
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome - An idiopathic syndrome characterized by one or more of the following; recurrent orofacial swelling, relapsing facial paralysis, and fissured tongue (lingua plicata). The onset is usually in childhood and relapses are common. Cheilitis granulomatosa is a monosymptomatic variant of this condition. (Dermatol Clin 1996 Apr;14(2):371-9; Magalini & Magalini, Dictionary of Medical Syndromes, 4th ed, p531)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Mouth Abnormalities - Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the mouth.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Mouth, Edentulous - Having teeth in neither the mandible nor the maxilla.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Noma - A severe gangrenous process occurring predominantly in debilitated and malnourished children, especially in underdeveloped countries. It typically begins as a small vesicle or ulcer on the gingiva that rapidly becomes necrotic and spreads to produce extensive destruction of the buccal and labial mucosa and tissues of the face, which may result in severe disfigurement and even death. Various bacteria have been implicated in the etiology. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Oral Fistula - An abnormal passage within the mouth communicating between two or more anatomical structures.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Oral Hemorrhage - Bleeding from the blood vessels of the mouth, which may occur as a result of injuries to the mouth, accidents in oral surgery, or diseases of the gums.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Oral Manifestations - Disorders of the mouth attendant upon non-oral disease or injury.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Oral Ulcer - A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING, ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Periapical Diseases - Diseases of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE surrounding the root of the tooth, which is distinguished from DENTAL PULP DISEASES inside the root.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Periodontal Diseases
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Salivary Gland Diseases
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Stomatitis - Inflammation of the oral mucosa, due to local or systemic factors, which may involve the buccal and labial mucosa, palate, tongue, floor of the mouth, and the gingivae. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Tongue Diseases

Mouth Diseases Medical Definitions and Terms

CANADIAN MEDICAL GUIDE

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