Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Enzymes and Coenzymes > Enzymes > Oxidoreductases > Mixed Function Oxygenases Terms and Definitions

Mixed Function Oxygenases

Medical Definition:	Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Guide Notes:	do not confuse with HYDRO-LYASES
CAS Number:	EC 1.-

Mixed Function Oxygenases Categories.

	4-Hydroxybenzoate-3-Monooxygenase - A flavoprotein that catalyzes the synthesis of protocatechuic acid from 4-hydroxybenzoate in the presence of molecular oxygen. EC 1.14.13.2.
	Catechol Oxidase - An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between catechol and oxygen to yield benzoquinone and water. It is a complex of copper-containing proteins that acts also on a variety of substituted catechols. EC 1.10.3.1.
	Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase
	Fatty Acid Desaturases - A family of enzymes that catalyze the stereoselective, regioselective, or chemoselective syn-dehydrogenation reactions. They function by a mechanism that is linked directly to reduction of molecular OXYGEN.
	Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) - A mixed function oxidase enzyme which during hemoglobin catabolism catalyzes the degradation of heme to ferrous iron, carbon monoxide and biliverdin in the presence of molecular oxygen and reduced NADPH. The enzyme is induced by metals, particularly cobalt. EC 1.14.99.3.
	Phenylalanine Hydroxylase - An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the formation of L-TYROSINE, dihydrobiopterin, and water from L-PHENYLALANINE, tetrahydrobiopterin, and oxygen. Deficiency of this enzyme may cause PHENYLKETONURIAS and PHENYLKETONURIA, MATERNAL. EC 1.14.16.1.
	Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase - A mixed-function oxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of peptidyllysine, usually in protocollagen, to peptidylhydroxylysine. The enzyme utilizes molecular oxygen with concomitant oxidative decarboxylation of the cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate to succinate. EC 1.14.11.4.
	Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase - A mixed-function oxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of a prolyl-glycyl-containing-peptide, usually in protocollagen, to a hydroxyprolylglycyl-containing-peptide. The enzyme utilizes molecular oxygen with a concomitant oxidative decarboxylation of 2-oxoglutarate to succinate. EC 1.14.11.2.
	Tryptophan Hydroxylase - An enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan in the presence of NADPH and molecular oxygen. It is important in the biosynthesis of serotonin. EC 1.14.16.4
	Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine, tetrahydrobiopterin, and oxygen to 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine, dihydrobiopterin, and water. EC 1.14.16.2.

Mixed Function Oxygenases Medical Definitions and Terms

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