Canadian Medical Guide > Diseases > Neoplasms > Cysts Terms and Definitions

Cysts

Medical Definition:	Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac that is lined by an EPITHELIUM. Cysts can be of normal, abnormal, non-neoplastic, or neoplastic tissues.
Guide Notes:	coord with organ/diseases term; specific terms indented under CYSTS are either neoplastic or non-neopl: check under each; intestinal gas cysts = PNEUMATOSIS CYSTOIDES INTESTINALIS; CYSTIC ADENOMATOID MALFORMATION OF LUNG, CONGENITAL is also available

Cysts Categories.

	Arachnoid Cysts - Intracranial or spinal cavities containing a cerebrospinal-like fluid, the wall of which is composed of arachnoidal cells. They are most often developmental or related to trauma. Intracranial arachnoid cysts usually occur adjacent to arachnoidal cistern and may present with HYDROCEPHALUS; HEADACHE; SEIZURES; and focal neurologic signs. Spinal arachnoid cysts may be extradural, intradural, or perineural and tend to present with signs and symptoms indicative of a RADICULOPATHY. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch44, pp105-115)
	Bone Cysts - Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15 years.
	Branchioma - A tumor derived from branchial epithelium or branchial rests. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Bronchogenic Cyst - A usually spherical cyst, arising as an embryonic out-pouching of the foregut or trachea. It is generally found in the mediastinum or lung and is usually asymptomatic unless it becomes infected.
	Chalazion - A non-neoplastic cyst of the MEIBOMIAN GLANDS of the eyelid.
	Choledochal Cyst - A congenital anatomic malformation of a bile duct, including cystic dilatation of the extrahepatic bile duct or the large intrahepatic bile duct. Classification is based on the site and type of dilatation. Type I is most common.
	Dermoid Cyst - A tumor consisting of displaced ectodermal structures along the lines of embryonic fusion, the wall being formed of epithelium-lined connective tissue, including skin appendages, and containing keratin, sebum, and hair. (Stedman, 25th ed)
	Epidermal Cyst - Intradermal or subcutaneous saclike structure, the wall of which is stratified epithelium containing keratohyalin granules.
	Esophageal Cyst - Any fluid-filled closed cavity or sac (CYSTS) that is lined by an EPITHELIUM and found in the ESOPHAGUS region.
	Fibrocystic Disease of Breast - A chronic disorder comprising three variants which range from lesions consisting primarily of an overgrowth of fibrous tissue to those characterized by dominance of the proliferation of the epithelial parenchyma to a form of dysplasia characterized by both stromal and epithelial hyperplasia with the formation of cysts.
	Follicular Cyst - Cyst due to the occlusion of the duct of a follicle or small gland.
	Ganglion Cysts - Nodular tumor-like lesions or mucoid flesh, arising from tendon sheaths, LIGAMENTS, or JOINT CAPSULE, especially of the hands, wrists, or feet. They are not true cysts as they lack epithelial wall. They are distinguished from SYNOVIAL CYSTS by the lack of communication with a joint cavity or the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.
	Kidney, Cystic - A kidney containing one or more cysts, including polycystic disease (KIDNEY, POLYCYSTIC), solitary cyst, multiple simple cysts, and retention cysts (associated with parenchymal scarring). (Stedman, 25th ed)
	Lymphocele - Cystic mass containing lymph from diseased lymphatic channels or following surgical trauma or other injury.
	Macular Edema, Cystoid - Macular degeneration characterized by edema and cystic spaces which may lead to a macular depression or hole.
	Mediastinal Cyst - Cysts of one of the parts of the mediastinum: the superior part, containing the trachea, esophagus, thoracic duct and thymus organs; the inferior middle part, containing the pericardium; the inferior anterior part containing some lymph nodes; and the inferior posterior part, containing the thoracic duct and esophagus.
	Mesenteric Cyst - A congenital cyst of the abdomen, present in the MESENTERY, which may be of lymphatic or WOLFFIAN DUCT origin.
	Mucocele - A retention cyst of the salivary gland, lacrimal sac, paranasal sinuses, appendix, or gallbladder. (Stedman, 26th ed)
	Ovarian Cysts - General term for cysts and cystic diseases of the ovary.
	Pancreatic Cyst - A true cyst of the pancreas to be distinguished from the much more common PANCREATIC PSEUDOCYST by possessing a mucous epithelial lining. Pancreatic cysts are categorized as congenital, retention, neoplastic, parasitic, enterogenous, or dermoid. Congenital cysts occur more frequently as solitary cysts but may be multiple. Retention cysts are gross enlargements of pancreatic ducts secondary to ductal obstruction. (From Bockus Gastroenterology, 4th ed, p4145)
	Parovarian Cyst - A cyst of the epoophoron or parovarium, a vestigial structure associated with the ovary, consisting of a more cranial group of mesonephric tubules and a corresponding portion of the mesonephric duct. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
	Pilonidal Sinus - A hair-containing cyst or sinus, occurring chiefly in the coccygeal region.
	Ranula - A form of retention cyst of the floor of the mouth, usually due to obstruction of the ducts of the submaxillary or sublingual glands, presenting a slowly enlarging painless deep burrowing mucocele of one side of the mouth. It is also called sublingual cyst and sublingual ptyalocele.
	Synovial Cyst - Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions at joints, developed from the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE of a joint through the JOINT CAPSULE into the periarticular tissues. They are filled with SYNOVIAL FLUID with a smooth and translucent appearance. A synovial cyst can develop from any joint, but most commonly at the back of the knee, where it is known as POPLITEAL CYST.
	Thyroglossal Cyst - A cyst in the neck caused by persistence of portions of, or by lack of closure of, the primitive thyroglossal duct. (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Urachal Cyst - Cyst occurring in a persistent portion of the urachus, presenting as an extraperitoneal mass in the umbilical region. It is characterized by abdominal pain, and fever if infected. It may rupture, leading to peritonitis, or it may drain through the umbilicus.

Cysts Medical Definitions and Terms

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Cysts

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