Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Enzymes and Coenzymes > Enzymes > Hydrolases > Glycoside Hydrolases Terms and Definitions




Glycoside Hydrolases

Medical Definition:
Also Called: Endoglycosidases,Exoglycosidases
CAS Number: EC 3.2.1.
Glycoside Hydrolases Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition alpha-L-Fucosidase - An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of an alpha L-fucoside to yield an alcohol and L-fucose. Deficiency of this enzyme can cause FUCOSIDOSIS. EC 3.2.1.51.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amylases - A group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans. (Stedman, 25th ed) EC 3.2.1.-.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition beta-Fructofuranosidase - A glycoside hydrolase found primarily in PLANTS and YEASTS. It has specificity for beta-D-fructofuranosides such as SUCROSE.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Chitinase
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Dextranase
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Disaccharidases
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Galactosidases - A family of galactoside hydrolases that hydrolyze compounds with an O-galactosyl linkage. EC 3.2.1.-.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Glucosidases - Enzymes that hydrolyze O-glucosyl-compounds. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.2.1.-.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Glucuronidase
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hexosaminidases - Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of N-acylhexosamine residues in N-acylhexosamides. Hexosaminidases also act on glucosides, galactosides, and several oligosaccharides.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Hyaluronoglucosaminidase - An enzyme that catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992)
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Iduronidase - An enzyme that hydrolyzes iduronosidic linkages in desulfated dermatan. Deficiency of this enzyme produces Hurler's syndrome. EC 3.2.1.76.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Isoamylase - An enzyme that hydrolyzes 1,6-alpha-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin, and their beta-limit dextrins. It is distinguished from pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) by its inability to attack pullulan and by the feeble action of alpha-limit dextrins. It is distinguished from amylopectin 6-glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.69) by its action on glycogen. With EC 3.2.1.69, it produces the activity called "debranching enzyme". EC 3.2.1.68.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Mannosidases - Glycoside hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha or beta linked MANNOSE.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Muramidase - A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition N-Glycosyl Hydrolases - A class of enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of nitrogen-linked sugars.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Neuraminidase - An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-2,3, alpha-2,6-, and alpha-2,8-glycosidic linkages (at a decreasing rate, respectively) of terminal sialic residues in oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, colominic acid, and synthetic substrate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.2.1.18.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Oligo-1,6-Glucosidase - An enzyme that catalyzes the endohydrolysis of 1,6-alpha-glucosidic linkages in isomaltose and dextrins produced from starch and glycogen by alpha-amylase. EC 3.2.1.10.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Polygalacturonase - A cell wall-degrading enzyme found in microorganisms and higher plants. It catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans. EC 3.2.1.15.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Xylosidases - A group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha- or beta-xylosidic linkages. EC 3.2.1.8 catalyzes the endo-hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-xylosidic linkages; EC 3.2.1.32 catalyzes the endo-hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-xylosidic linkages; EC 3.2.1.37 catalyzes the exo-hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-linkages from the non-reducing termini of xylans; and EC 3.2.1.72 catalyzes the exo-hydrolysis of 1,3-beta-D-linkages from the non-reducing termini of xylans. Other xylosidases have been identified that catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-xylosidic bonds.

Glycoside Hydrolases Medical Definitions and Terms

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