Canadian Medical Guide > Biological Sciences > Genetic Structures > Genes > Genes, Regulator Terms and Definitions

Genes, Regulator

Medical Definition:	Genes which regulate or circumscribe the activity of other genes; specifically, genes which code for proteins (repressors or activators) which regulate the genetic transcription of the structural genes and/or regulatory genes.
Guide Notes:	regulatory proteins go under TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS or REPRESSOR PROTEINS or TRANS-ACTIVATORS; DF: GENES REG
Previously Indexed:	Genes (1966-1967)

Genes, Regulator Categories.

	Genes, araC - Regulatory genes which encode a cyclic AMP receptor protein required for L-arabinose utilization in E. coli. It is an example of positive control or regulation of gene expression in the bacterial operon.
	Genes, nef - DNA sequences that form the coding region for a protein that down-regulates the expression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). nef is short for negative factor.
	Genes, pX - DNA sequences that form the coding region for at least three proteins which regulate the expression of HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 1 and HUMAN T-LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS 2. The proteins are p21(x), p27(rex), and p40(tax). The tax (trans-activator x) and rex (regulator x) genes are part of pX but are in overlapping reading frames. X was the original designation for the sequences or region (at that time of unknown function) in the long open reading frame (lor) which is now called pX.
	Genes, rev - DNA sequences that form the coding region for a protein that regulates the expression of the viral structural and regulatory proteins in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). rev is short for regulator of virion.
	Genes, Switch - Genes that cause the epigenotype (i.e., the interrelated developmental pathways through which the adult organism is realized) to switch to an alternate cell lineage-related pathway. Switch complexes control the expression of normal functional development as well as oncogenic transformation.
	Genes, tat - DNA sequences that form the coding region for the protein responsible for trans-activation of transcription (tat) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
	Genes, vif - DNA sequences that form the coding region for the vif (virion infectivity factor) protein that is important for the generation of infectious virions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The former name of this gene was sor (short open reading frame).
	Genes, vpr - DNA sequences that form the coding region for a trans-activator protein that specifies rapid growth in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). vpr is short for viral protein R, where R is undefined.
	Genes, vpu - DNA sequences that form the coding region for the HIV-1 regulatory protein vpu (viral protein U) that greatly increases the export of virus particles from infected cells. The vpu genes are not present in HIV-2 or SIV.

Genes, Regulator Medical Definitions and Terms

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