Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Enzymes and Coenzymes > Coenzymes Terms and Definitions

Coenzymes

Medical Definition:

Small molecules that are required for the catalytic function of ENZYMES. Many VITAMINS are coenzymes.

Coenzymes Categories.

	Coenzyme A
	Flavin Mononucleotide - A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.
	Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide - A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)
	NAD - A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
	NADP - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
	Thiamine Pyrophosphate - The coenzyme form of vitamin B1 (THIAMINE), present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.
	Thioctic Acid - A vitamin-like antioxidant that acts as a free-radical scavenger.

Coenzymes Medical Definitions and Terms

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