Canadian Medical Guide > Anatomy > Cells > Cellular Structures > Chromosomes > Chromosomes, Artificial Terms and Definitions

Chromosomes, Artificial

Medical Definition:	DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, elements such as a REPLICATION ORIGIN; TELOMERE; and CENTROMERE, that are required for successful replication, propagation to and maintainance in progeny cells. In addition, they are constructed to carry other sequences for analysis or gene transfer.
Guide Notes:	coord with specific organism /genet only if particularly discussed; for insertion of the artificial chromosome, coord with GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES
Previously Indexed:	Chromosomes (1992-2000)

Chromosomes, Artificial Categories.

	Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial - DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, a REPLICATION ORIGIN, for successful replication, propagation to and maintainance as an extra chromosome in bacteria. In addition, they can carry large amounts (about 200 kilobases) of other sequence for a variety of bioengineering purposes.
	Chromosomes, Artificial, Mammalian - DNA constructs that are composed of, at least, all elements, such as a REPLICATION ORIGIN; TELOMERE; and CENTROMERE, that are required for successful replication, propagation to and maintainance in progeny mammalian cells. In addition, they are constructed to carry other sequences for analysis or gene transfer.
	Chromosomes, Artificial, P1 Bacteriophage - DNA constructs that are derived from the DNA of P1 BACTERIOPHAGE. They can carry large amounts (about 100-300 kilobases) of other sequence for a variety of bioengineering purposes.
	Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast - Chromosomes in which fragments of exogenous DNA ranging in length up to several hundred kilobase pairs have been cloned into yeast through ligation to vector sequences. These artificial chromosomes are used extensively in molecular biology for the construction of comprehensive genomic libraries of higher organisms.

Chromosomes, Artificial Medical Definitions and Terms

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