Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Biomedical and Dental Materials Terms and Definitions

Biomedical and Dental Materials

Medical Definition:	Substances used in biomedicine or dentistry predominantly for their physical, as opposed to chemical, properties.
Guide Notes:	GEN; prefer specifics; used for mapping supplementary chemicals

Biomedical and Dental Materials Categories.

	Biocompatible Materials - Synthetic or natural materials, other than drugs, that are used to replace or repair any body tissue or bodily function.
	Cariogenic Agents - Substances that promote DENTAL CARIES.
	Cariostatic Agents - Substances that inhibit or arrest DENTAL CARIES formation. (Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)
	Ceramics - Products made by baking or firing nonmetallic minerals (clay and similar materials). In making dental restorations or parts of restorations the material is fused porcelain. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)
	Dental Materials - Materials used in the production of dental bases, restorations, impressions, prostheses, etc.
	Dentifrices - Any preparations used for cleansing teeth; they usually contain an abrasive, detergent, binder and flavoring agent and may exist in the form of liquid, paste or powder; may also contain medicaments and caries preventives.
	Mouthwashes - Solutions for rinsing the mouth, possessing cleansing, germicidal, or palliative properties. (From Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed)
	Plasticizers - Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually PVC) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticizers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment.
	Polymers - Compounds formed by the joining of smaller, usually repeating, units linked by covalent bonds. These compounds often form large macromolecules (e.g., polypeptides, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, plastics).
	Root Canal Irrigants - Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.
	Tissue Adhesives - Substances used to cause adherence of tissue to tissue or tissue to non-tissue surfaces, as for prostheses.

Biomedical and Dental Materials Medical Definitions and Terms

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