Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins > Amino Acids Terms and Definitions




Amino Acids

Medical Definition: Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Guide Notes: /urine permitted but consider also AMINOACIDURIA, RENAL
Amino Acids Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Alanine - A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones - Inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES and sulfhydryl group-containing enzymes. They act as alkylating agents and are known to interfere in the translation process.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Acidic - Amino acids with side chains that are negatively charged at physiological pH.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Basic - Amino acids with side chains that are positively charged at physiological pH.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Branched-Chain - Amino acids which have a branched carbon chain.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Cyclic - A class of amino acids characterized by a closed ring structure.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Diamino
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Essential - Amino acids that are not synthesized by the human body in amounts sufficient to carry out physiological functions. They are obtained from dietary foodstuffs.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Neutral - Amino acids with uncharged R groups or side chains.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Amino Acids, Sulfur
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Canavanine
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Glycine - A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Homoserine
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Kynurenine
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Phosphoamino Acids - Amino acids that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl - Intermediates in protein biosynthesis. The compounds are formed from amino acids, ATP and transfer RNA, a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. They are key compounds in the genetic translation process.

Amino Acids Medical Definitions and Terms

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