Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Heterocyclic Compounds > Alkaloids > Cinchona Alkaloids Terms and Definitions




Cinchona Alkaloids

Medical Definition: Alkaloids extracted from various species of Cinchona.
Guide Notes: GEN or unspecified: prefer specific indentions
Previously Indexed: Cinchona (1966-1976)
Cinchona Alkaloids Categories.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Quinidine - An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the Cinchona tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular action potential, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.
Canadian Medical Guide Definition Quinine - An alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. It is used as an antimalarial drug, and is the active ingredient in extracts of the cinchona that have been used for that purpose since before 1633. Quinine is also a mild antipyretic and analgesic and has been used in common cold preparations for that purpose. It was used commonly and as a bitter and flavoring agent, and is still useful for the treatment of babesiosis. Quinine is also useful in some muscular disorders, especially nocturnal leg cramps and myotonia congenita, because of its direct effects on muscle membrane and sodium channels. The mechanisms of its antimalarial effects are not well understood.

Cinchona Alkaloids Medical Definitions and Terms

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