Canadian Medical Guide > Chemicals and Drugs > Organic Chemicals > Carboxylic Acids > Acids, Acyclic > Carbamates Terms and Definitions

Carbamates

Medical Definition:

Salts or esters of carbamic acid. They contain the general formula NH2-COO-. (From Merck, 11th ed)

Carbamates Categories.

	Aldicarb - Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.
	Benomyl - A systemic agricultural fungicide used for control of certain fungal diseases of stone fruit.
	Carbadox - An antibacterial agent that has been used in veterinary practice for treating swine dysentery and enteritis and for promoting growth. However, its use has been prohibited in the UK following reports of carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p125)
	Carbamyl Phosphate - Phosphate salt of carbamic acid.
	Carbaryl - A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.
	Carbofuran - A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
	Carisoprodol - A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202)
	Chlorpropham - A carbamate that is used as an herbide and as a plant growth regulator.
	Diethylcarbamazine - An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.
	Fenbendazole - Antinematodal benzimidazole used in veterinary medicine.
	Meprobamate - A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been susperseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)
	Methiocarb - Insecticide, molluscacide, acaricide.
	Methocarbamol - A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206)
	Methomyl - A carbamate insecticide with anticholinesterase activity.
	Physostigmine - A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.
	Propoxur - A carbamate insecticide.
	Pyridinolcarbamate - A drug that has been given by mouth in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders, hyperlipidemias, and thrombo-emoblytic disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1408)
	Thiocarbamates - Carbamates in which the -CO- group has been replaced by a -CS- group.
	Thiophanate - Nematocide used in livestock; also has fungicidal properties.
	Urethane - Antineoplastic agent that is also used as a veterinary anesthetic. It has also been used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Urethane is suspected to be a carcinogen.

Carbamates Medical Definitions and Terms

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Carbamates

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